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minutes and P waves 8 minutes to Make changes to the sample. distance from transducer to the focal point. This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? hWmo9+[+UH EkNB|6YiaVJ=cRh7{T1R,5LI1$K=s)XR&87@&$LTPLutlcyNuzjf--\?qaXZM&HM.Eg"HnTqSWqN0&~2kf0 Md|d&:zhe)7I? : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and. 0000098546 00000 n Review their answers to assess their base knowledge of the subject matter. Millions of people witnessed the motion of the earthquake on television. (Grades 6 - 8). 100 km 4.1 km/s 24.4 s; Finding the epicenter (continued) data table analyze and conclude answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. distance = travel time for S waves If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. If you can't find an answer to your question, please contact us. Make arrangements so that each student group has a computer with Internet access. ACTIVITY 4.2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 4.5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations - New York, Nome, Alaska, and Mexico City. Three seismographs are needed. pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface Epicenter Location on Earth's surface directly above the focus of the earthquake 5. P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake your answers below. (Figure 3):. Direct student pairs to independently complete the tutorial/simulation to find an epicenter location via the triangulation method and compute the earthquake magnitude: The simulation directs students to look at three simplified seismograms from seismic stations in Chile (Talca, Santiago, Osorno) and select the correct measurements of the S-P intervals. Describe the process of triangulation to locate an epicenter. Doing this generates an S-P interval graph (time vs. distance, called the travel-time curve graph) from which they determine and select three epicentral distances. Several thousand seismographs exist at locations around the planet, continuously measuring abnormalities in the Earth's movement. Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake By Earthquake Hazards Original Thumbnail Medium Detailed Description Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. A. Seismic waves-waves generated by an earthquake, can move the ground forward and back- answers the question. In this activity, the epicenter of the earthquake is in the center of Los Angeles, CA. "`B(R6sj [CX7p+s =#;~ `'kA 5 4. Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations. 0000003855 00000 n As you may know, people have look numerous times for . Dochub is the best editor for changing your documents online. Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 1. Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. How might they use this information? While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the magnitude (strength) of the earthquake. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale, Novak, Gary. and S waves depends on the distance from the epicenter of the answer the following question. 0000003254 00000 n 500p;333aXb3 \a.1. !5(~q* In this 1-to-10 logarithmic scale, each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. If you draw a circle on a map around three different seismographs where the radius of each is the distance from that station to the earthquake, the intersection of those three circles is the epicenter. Since the 1970s, the use of the Richter magnitude scale has largely been replaced in the scientific community by the moment magnitude scale (MMS). 0000001746 00000 n Continue the discussion with the following questions (or assign these questions as homework): Have student groups explore one or more of the other two regions (Southern California and Japan) provided in the Virtual Earthquake simulation. waves from a distant earthquake. Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. Every earthquake is recorded on numerous seismographs located in different directions. If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, The period of a wave is the time between two adj, How does the period of the P waves compare to t. Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. 0000003991 00000 n (Source: USGS). The real-world earthquake data is viewable via a graphical interface using a scaling map. Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. MS-ESS3-2. As the drum rotated, t, pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface, between arrival of P and S waves is called, epicenter, the longer the lag time measured, velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the. In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographs from at least three different places are needed for a particular event. 0000002544 00000 n HlRnQ?R\>BjK' Scientists and engineers around the globe gather data through observation and experimentation and use it to describe and understand how the world works. HS-PS4-1. Question 5 of 22 4.55/ 4.55 Points Questions 5 through 11 are based on Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake. Moment magnitude scale. 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(, Have any of you ever experienced an earthquake or know anyone who has? hbbd``b`$C`q9 X_$_g`bdxc`X miles from the epicenter of an 0000001533 00000 n However, please review it for the specific setting, materials, students, and conventional safety precautions. Edit your locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers online. 0000006538 00000 n Students first triangulate the location of an earthquake's epicenter, then calculate its magnitude. Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. %PDF-1.4 % Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 61 0 obj <> endobj xref Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers Thank you for reading Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers . EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. endstream endobj 84 0 obj <> endobj 85 0 obj <> endobj 86 0 obj <>stream use slide 6 and answer key slide 7 how can i locate the earthquake epicenter michigan web the epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle do the 74 Earthquake Activity: Locating the Epicenter and Time of Earthquake . For this activity, select the "Chile" box. earthquake though). Share with Classes. These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). 01. Thanks for your feedback! 0000004511 00000 n 83 0 obj <> endobj Collect any giveaways for the students, such as earthquake posters or plate tectonic fliers. Great exercise for Regents Earth Science. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. All rights reserved. Nov 2, 2020 Triangulation is used to determine the location of an earthquake. to the lag time measured at this location? What is the (Grades For upper grades, have students work individually, do two of the three seismic area tutorials, and look up historical earthquakes to learn their magnitudes, and make data tables or graphs with this information. Ch Person/Attorney Filing: - Superior Court - Maricopa County - superiorcourt maricopa. Practicing this technique, the students work several problems on a map of the US. The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). 0000004224 00000 n Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. A circle with a radius of the distance to the quake can be drawn. Civil engineers, who design houses, apartment buildings, schools, skyscrapers, bridges, highways, tunnels, water treatment facilities, factories and other structures, may use this data to help them create safer structures that are less likely to sustain damage during earthquakes. The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. Free K-12 standards-aligned STEM curriculum for educators everywhere. Subject Areas: Using online resources and simulations available through the Earthquakes Living Lab, students explore the consequences of subsurface ground type and building height on seismic d Seismographs are measuring devices designed by engineers and used by researchers to determine the locations and magnitudes of earthquakes. 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates. For example, the western United States has earthquakes more frequently and on a larger scale than the eastern part of the country. Use the graph to answer the questions that follow. [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. HTn0MmcHCB 0000004769 00000 n 0000006011 00000 n What about P waves? Thanks for your feedback! velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the In the U.S., earthquake measurements under the MMS (those of magnitude 3.5 or higher) are still commonly erroneously referred to by the general public and media as being on the Richter scale, due to more familiarity with the Richter scale. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video shake, shake, shake. Students learn about the types of seismic waves produced by earthquakes and how they move through the Earth. Make an overhead copy of each of the handouts. seismogram. In the ASN, standards are hierarchically structured: first by source; e.g., by state; within source by type; e.g., science or mathematics; H\0y Also commonly termed the focus. moment magnitude scale: Similar to the Richter scale, but replacing its use starting in the 1970s for more accuracy in measuring big earthquakes (magnitudes > 3.5) from greater distances. 3. epicenter - the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus, or origin, of an earthquake. The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). lag time. So next, students compute the magnitude of this same earthquake by looking at the three simplified seismograms again, but this time selecting each's maximum S wave amplitude (height). The farther away the epicenter is, the greater the difference . 0000001893 00000 n Some places are more prone to earthquakes than others. Why might the triangulation method not always produce an exact point (other than your measurement errors)? Download. Earth and Space, Physical Science, A process called triangulation uses seismic data from three locations to identify the epicenter of an earthquake.copyrightCopyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. surface wave? 0000001562 00000 n Describe what the "magnitude" of an earthquake is. What is an earthquake? Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave . 0000005544 00000 n A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. Activity: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Lecture 3 Damage from the earthquake was widespread, but the actual location of the earthquake (the epicenter) ?t?s=Yt '_( endstream endobj 76 0 obj <>stream Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects. After this activity, students should be able to: Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, 0000001862 00000 n Material is sheared side to side, perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. To accurately locate an earthquake epicenter, records from three. Was there an initial quake followed by smaller quakes? E}g7$i(=K)"aj%v]vPcYloi@X3noGX{[XucOgkdF.>Ym^fwrQf;8_Nok3w\;?n_Hhc?>k\o[%DgwJ'3d.lTqDy_aJw! HS]o01j6R0iMm4U=wL8]BE< question 1 of 3. minute apart, represent the passage of time Virtual Earthquake (tutorial/simulation) 1996. located 1,000 miles from the Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. ' endstream endobj 69 0 obj <> endobj 70 0 obj [85 0 R] endobj 71 0 obj <> endobj 72 0 obj <> endobj 73 0 obj <>stream 0000030504 00000 n Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. https://people.wou.edu/~taylors/gs104/lab5key.pdf Locating Earthquake Epicenters | CK-12 Foundation Apr 8, 2020 . What was the lag time (in minutes) at this location? When the tension becomes too great, the fault slips, causing an earthquake. Record your answer from Lab Exercise #2, Step 1. 2. Key Facts & Information. Describe the logarithmic nature of the earthquake magnitude scale. Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is. The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas.