Rev Rhum Engl Ed 1997;64(12):825-834. J Rheumatol 2000;27:205-11. 1992;63(1):7-12. Best Joint Supplements 2023: Top 3 Products Review & Compare View abstract. Reginster, J. Y. and Meunier, P. J. Strontium ranelate phase 2 dose-ranging studies: PREVOS and STRATOS studies. Doctors arent sure exactly how it works, but it seems to help the body make more bone and keep the bone you have from breaking down. Reginster, J. Y. (1) A radioactive form is even used as a form of cancer treatment for bone cancers andprostate cancer. View abstract. Its not an idea that is super-new either. Cottage cheese, 1% milk fat, 1 cup 138 mg per serving. Incorporation and distribution of strontium in bone. If youre suffering from bone or prostate cancer, radioactive strontium therapyshould only be given by or under the direct supervision of a doctor with specialized training in nuclear medicine or radiation oncology. Feeling slightly more pain in the areas of cancer in your bones for a few days. More Information 2012. For two years, 174 of the men received 2 grams of strontium ranelate per day while 87 men received a placebo. To avoid this interaction, take strontium at least 2 hours before or after taking quinolones. ", UC Davis School of Medicine: "Strontium Citrate for Osteoporosis Prevention Evaluation (SCOPE). View abstract. Cancer that has spread to bone and causes pain. Results of Russian multicenter trial]. CMAJ. Do not be misled by marketing materials that compare them to strontium ranelate. N.Engl.J.Med. 11 possible benefits. This article is based on scientific evidence, written by experts and fact checked by our trained editorial staff. Osteoporos.Int. Kobler, A., Kub, O., Schaller, H. G., and Gernhardt, C. R. Clinical effectiveness of a strontium chloride- containing desensitizing agent over 6 months: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Adami, S. Protelos: nonvertebral and hip antifracture efficacy in postmenopausal osteoporosis. 2010;21(2):42-48. However, Sr-89 (a radioactive form) is considered to be unsafe for pregnant and breast-feeding women. N Engl J Med 2004;350:459-68.. View abstract. A coordinator will follow up to see if Mayo Clinic is right for you. Schrooten I, Elseviers MM, Lamberts LV, et al. View abstract. According to Wikipedia, Strontianite(SrCO3) is an important raw material for the extraction ofstrontium. Calcium is important for bone health throughout your life. Delayed strontium absorption in post-menopausal osteoporosis and osteomalacia. 1970;41(12):702-703. The effect of a strontiumhloridetoothpaste on root hypersensitivity in a controlled clinical study. The American Bone Health Fracture Risk Calculator estimates fracture risk for women and men over age 45. We did it using a custom-created selection of algorithms that lets us manifest a top-10 list of the best available strontium citrate reviews currently available on the market. A special form of strontium called strontium ranelate can increase bone formation and prevent bone loss when used in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. View abstract. A meta-analysis of chondroitin sulfate in the treatment of osteoarthritis. 7-27-1965;162(989):458-472. Benefit: Bone & Joint Health. A number of studies have shown that it can strengthen bone and reduce the risk of fractures, even among women 74 years of age or older when risks are highest. Osteoporos Int. Icelandic Red Algae Calcium - Best For Seniors. View abstract. Medi-Physics, Inc., Amersham Healthcare, Arlington Heights, IL, 1998. https://www.cancerpaintherapy.com/METATECHPAGE.htm. JAMA 8-18-1999;282(7):637-645. The naturally occurring form is made up of four stable isotopes: Sr-88 (82.6 percent), Sr-86 (9.9 percent), Sr-87 (7.0 percent), and Sr-84 (0.56 percent). The PRAC weighed the benefits of the medicine against the known risks and concluded that the balance was no longer favourable and recommended Protelos/Osseor be suspended until there are new data showing a favourable balance in a defined patient group.[1]. A 2007 study only involved six participants, but the researchers found thatregular toothbrushing with a strontium-supplemented toothpaste has been found to increase the strontium content in the exposed enamel, which can be an advantage in the prevention of cariogenesis. (15) What is cariogenesis? Rozhinskaia, L. I., Arapova, S. D., Dzeranova, L. K., Molitvoslovova, N. N., Marova, E. I., Il'in, A. V., Benevolenskaia, L. I., Nikitinskaia, O. Faith123 may", "Hello @bonelady -- welcome to Connect. Strontium Boost is supposed to have no side effects at all. Rizzoli, R., Laroche, M., Krieg, M. A., Frieling, I., Thomas, T., Delmas, P., and Felsenberg, D. Strontium ranelate and alendronate have differing effects on distal tibia bone microstructure in women with osteoporosis. View abstract. (7,8), There have been more studies that show the positive effects of strontium ranelate on osteoporosis and bone fractures. Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group. Anastasilakis, A. D., Polyzos, S. A., Avramidis, A., Papatheodorou, A., and Terpos, E. Effect of strontium ranelate on lumbar spine bone mineral density in women with established osteoporosis previously treated with teriparatide. Boron seems to affect the way the . Form: Capsules. Boron: Benefits, Side Effects, Dosage, and Interactions - Verywell Health 1 Taking magnesium oxide with food can reduce stomach troubles. View abstract. 1990;34(3):545-560. Robinson RG, Preston DF, Schiefelbein M, Baxter KG. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021;28(18):23048-23059. What Is Relationship Between Strontium Citrate and Hair Loss? - NutriAvenue View abstract. Five years treatment with strontium ranelate reduces vertebral and nonvertebral fractures and increases the number and quality of remaining life-years in women over 80 years of age. [4] Simpson, Lani. Ozgur S, Sumer H, Kocoglu G. Rickets and soil strontium. Fidelix, T. S., Soares, B. G., and Trevisani, V. F. Diacerein for osteoarthritis. View abstract. People with prostate cancer sometimes have the cancer metastasize and spread to their bones. Is it even safe? Meunier, P. J., Roux, C., Ortolani, S., Diaz-Curiel, M., Compston, J., Marquis, P., Cormier, C., Isaia, G., Badurski, J., Wark, J. D., Collette, J., and Reginster, J. Y. Strontium Uses, Potential Benefits, Risks and Side Effects - Dr. Axe View abstract. (Accessed 10 October 2006). Our team includes licensed nutritionists and dietitians, certified health education specialists, as well as certified strength and conditioning specialists, personal trainers and corrective exercise specialists. Kishore A, Mehrotra KK, Saimbi CS. Strontium ranelate discontinued. View abstract. Bruyre O, Reginster JY, Bellamy N, et al. View abstract. Bone metastases can be extremely painful. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Arthritis Rheum 2007;56(7):2105-2110. View abstract. Unfortunately, a lot of toothpastes that contain Sr may contain a lot of other questionable ingredients, so I recommend sticking with a natural toothpaste or making your own at home such as myHomemade Probiotic Toothpaste. Spets-Happonen, S., Seppa, L., Korhonen, A., and Alakuijala, P. Accumulation of strontium and fluoride in approximal dental plaque and changes in plaque microflora after rinsing with chlorhexidine-fluoride-strontium solution. Strontium can attach to some antibiotics called tetracyclines in the stomach. First, fluoride makes your tooth enamel stronger and less likely to suffer acid damage . Can Strontium Boost Bone Health And Prevent Osteoporosis? View abstract. Contact Dermatitis 2000;42(2):98-100. Strontium can attach to some antibiotics called quinolones in the stomach. Research from Europe suggests that patients on strontium ranelate may have an increased risk of heart attacks. Eur Urol 2003;44:519-26. Modawal, A., Ferrer, M., Choi, H. K., and Castle, J. Lets take a look at the possible health benefits of strontium. Bingham, C. O., III, Buckland-Wright, J. C., Garnero, P., Cohen, S. B., Dougados, M., Adami, S., Clauw, D. J., Spector, T. D., Pelletier, J. P., Raynauld, J. P., Strand, V., Simon, L. S., Meyer, J. M., Cline, G. A., and Beary, J. F. Risedronate decreases biochemical markers of cartilage degradation but does not decrease symptoms or slow radiographic progression in patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee: results of the two-year multinational knee osteoarthritis structural arthritis study. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. J.Clin.Endocrinol.Metab 2005;90(5):2816-2822. @kishanvasekar My girlfriend has osteoporosis and the Dr put her on high doses of Vit D-3 sunshine exercise especially weights ,swimming .She is doing good. View abstract. Horm.Metab Res. Description Pure Encapsulations' Strontium capsules provide one of the many trace minerals essential to bone health. 2014 Aug;53(8):1457-64. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu018. Various tests for tooth sensitivity by the researchers revealed that compared to the placebo, the toothpaste containing Sr decreased dentinal hypersensitivity to a significantly greater degree. Positive results were seen within two weeks and continued for the 12 week length of the study. Strontium citrate side effects? - Osteoporosis - Inspire Eur.J.Nucl.Med. View abstract. J.Bone Miner.Res. Leeb BF, Schweitzer H, Montag K, Smolen JS. I feel that I need something that is shown to rebuild bone (15 lumbar and thoracic vertebral compression fractures). View abstract. JAMA 1995;274:420-4. Glucosamine and chondroitin for treatment of osteoarthritis: a systematic quality assessment and meta-analysis. I found that Strontium is eliminated by the kidneys and can build up in people with poor kidney function. Most people who take strontium citrate report their fractures STOP. 2003. View abstract. 2004;19(8):1241-1249. View abstract. Prostate cancer. 2010;21(12):1993-2002. Neer, R. M., Arnaud, C. D., Zanchetta, J. R., Prince, R., Gaich, G. A., Reginster, J. Y., Hodsman, A. Br.J.Clin.Pharmacol. Mayo docs say it will stay in my system for up to three years. View abstract. Disease-modifying effect of strontium ranelate in a subset of patients from the Phase III knee osteoarthritis study SEKOIA using quantitative MRI: reduction in bone marrow lesions protects against cartilage loss. ", Human Nutrition, Food & Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa: "European strontium drug spurs supplement sales in U.S.", National Osteoporosis Society: Drug treatments for osteoporosis: strontium ranelate (Protelos).. [1] PRAC recommends suspending use of Protelos/Osseor. 2014. Ann Rheum Dis. Arthritis Rheum 1998;41:81-91. That means it may affect how strong your bones are. Before you consider calcium supplements, be sure you understand how much calcium you need, the pros and cons of calcium supplements, and which type of supplement to choose. (. Strontium Demystified: Everything You Wanted To Know Arch Intern Med 2003;163:1514-22. What supplements help Osteopenia, Osteoporosis? - Mayo Clinic Connect View abstract. Any use of this site constitutes your agreement to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy and Conditions of Use linked below. Uchida, A., Wakano, Y., Fukuyama, O., Miki, T., Iwayama, Y., and Okada, H. Controlled clinical evaluation of a 10% strontium chloride dentifrice in treatment of dentin hypersensitivity following periodontal surgery. This copyrighted material is provided by Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version. Strontium is similar to calcium. Strontium is a trace mineral that may help keep bones strong by preventing bone loss and promoting bone growth. They. I have been treated with bisphosphanates, forteo, prolia and I had 11 non-traumatic spontaneous vertebral compression fractures during treatment. It has shown only a modest effect in preventing recurrent vertebral fractures. These forms are different from the ranelate compound and there have been no studies showing that they are safe or effective. View abstract. Oral Dis. Richy F, Bruyere O, Ethgen O, et al. It is a member of the aragonite group. (4b) Another mineral containing strontium iscelestite, which is used in strontium metal alloys. 1992;23(10):705-711. Hernandez, F., Mohammed, C., Shannon, I., Volpe, A., and King, W. Clinical study evaluating the desensitizing effect and duration of two commercially available dentifrices. 2006;55(8):669-675. Reginster, J., Minne, H. W., Sorensen, O. H., Hooper, M., Roux, C., Brandi, M. L., Lund, B., Ethgen, D., Pack, S., Roumagnac, I., and Eastell, R. Randomized trial of the effects of risedronate on vertebral fractures in women with established postmenopausal osteoporosis. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/osteoporosis/in-depth/osteoporosis-treatment/art-20046869. Zinc is crucial for various functions in the body, including: 1. Available at: www.emea.eu.int/humandocs/Humans/EPAR/protelos/protelos.htm. Arthritis Rheum. All rights reserved. Acta Biomater. Arthritis Rheum 2007;56(7):2267-2277. Lets talk about these answers and more. Liu, J. M., Wai-Chee, Kung A., Pheng, C. S., Zhu, H. M., Zhang, Z. L., Wu, Y. Y., Xu, L., Meng, X. W., Huang, M. L., Chung, L. P., Hussain, N. H., Sufian, S. S., and Chen, J. L. Efficacy and safety of 2 g/day of strontium ranelate in Asian women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. 2017 Aug;55(8):93-94. Its a fancy word for the development of cavities! Some male hormones include testosterone, nandrolone, oxandrolone, and oxymetholone. Sr should be used with caution for those with kidney disease and if you have advanced kidney disease, then strontium ranelate is not recommended at all. View abstract. Bruyere, O., Roux, C., Detilleux, J., Slosman, D. O., Spector, T. D., Fardellone, P., Brixen, K., Devogelaer, J. P., Diaz-Curiel, M., Albanese, C., Kaufman, J. M., Pors-Nielsen, S., and Reginster, J. Y. Kidney Int 1999;56:1886-92. 2013 Sep 4;93(5):520-6. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1564. Do not take it within 2 hours of ingesting calcium so I take it at bedtime. Strontium: Facts, Health Benefits and Dosage - BitterMelon Kidney Int 2003;64:534-43. . Strontium is considered to be safe in normal food amounts and as a toothpaste ingredient. Use strontium supplements with caution if you have kidney disease. This article will be helpful to you if you experience joint discomfort, especially from rheumatoid arthritis and other joint health disorders. View abstract. View abstract. Many consumers are being lured by the advertised benefits of strontium for bone health. A., Thompson, D. E., Nevitt, M. C., Bauer, D. C., Genant, H. K., Haskell, W. L., Marcus, R., Ott, S. M., Torner, J. C., Quandt, S. A., Reiss, T. F., and Ensrud, K. E. Randomised trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures. Zinc: Benefits, intake, sources, deficiency, and side effects In the mean time I do have bone density scans to keep an eye on bone density. View abstract. This decreases the amount of quinolones that can be absorbed. Olson, B. L., McDonald, J. L., Jr., and Stookey, G. K. The effect of strontium and fluoride upon in vitro plaque and rat caries. It is an alkaline earth metalmost similar to barium and calcium. Afflitto, J., Schmid, R., Esposito, A., Toddywala, R., and Gaffar, A. Fluoride availability in human saliva after dentifrice use: correlation with anticaries effects in rats. N.Engl.J.Med. 2000;83(5):657-660. The disease often progresses without any symptoms or pain, and is not found until bones fracture. Note that the numbers in parentheses (1, 2, etc.) Can Med Assoc J 1981;125:703-12.. View abstract. According to the Michigan Health website: Compared with children with fewer cavities, enamel samples from children with high numbers of caries have been found to contain significantly less strontium. View abstract. Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. Tofu, firm, made with calcium sulfate, cup 253 mg per serving. View abstract. A double blind, prospective, placebo-controlled study. Does anyone take Forteo ? 1998-2023 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Aging Clin.Exp.Res. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/osteoporosis/in-depth/osteoporosis-treatment/art-20046869, https://connect.mayoclinic.org/discussion/reclast-infusion/, https://americanbonehealth.org/bonesense/why-strontium-is-not-good-for-bone-health/. Even though its not considered a nutrient, its known that the human body can absorb strontium and utilize it as it would calcium. View abstract. In osteoporotic women treated with strontium ranelate, strontium is located in bone formed during treatment with a maintained degree of mineralization. A generic, non-branded version of strontium ranelate, from Aristo Pharma Ltd., is still available in the U.K.[2] with a number of special warnings and precautions for its use. 2010;21(2):49-55. View abstract. Zinner, D. D., Duany, L. F., and Lutz, H. J. Supplements are increasingly available over the counter and through the Internet. View abstract. J.Clin.Periodontol. Rizzoli R, Chapurlat RD, Laroche JM, et al. American Bone Health4208 Six Forks RoadSuite 1000Raleigh, NC 27609. ", Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center: "Strontium. (24, 25). The information in our articles is NOT intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional and is not intended as medical advice. 2013 Feb;72(2):179-86. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-202231. View abstract. Arrich, J., Piribauer, F., Mad, P., Schmid, D., Klaushofer, K., and Mullner, M. Intra-articular hyaluronic acid for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: systematic review and meta-analysis. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. So what is it? View abstract. The application of Sr-89 is cost-effective, especially when compared with [opioid painkillers]. Blitzer, B. View abstract. 1972;43(6):367-372. A typical dosage of strontium in over-the-counter supplements is 680 mg a day. View abstract. CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. Springer, 2019. The possible risks of strontium warrant more long-term independent studies. View abstract. View abstract. Dent.Clin.North Am. My teeth are really strong and it feels like my bones are too. Fed.Oper.Dent. Although diet is the best way to get calcium, calcium supplements may be an option if your diet falls short. Since strontium is denser than calcium, it is difficult to assess actual bone improvement in a DXA scan. (2). As a service to our readers, American Bone Health provides access to our library of archived content. Further research is still needed and it can be dangerous to use these supplements if you have certain health conditions. Dose-dependent effects of strontium on osteoblast function and mineralization. What Are Your Osteoporosis Medication Options? - HealthCentral View abstract. Minkoff S, Axelrod S. Efficacy of strontium chloride in dental hypersensitivity. Connect with thousands of patients and caregivers for support and answers. The drug name for this radioactive form is Metastron. J Clin.Dent. Recent important clinical trials of drugs in osteoporosis. A prescription form of strontiumstrontium ranelate (the ranelate salt), known as Protelos/Osseor was authorized in the European Union to treat severe osteoporosis in women who have been through the menopause and men who are at high risk of broken bones or fracture in the spine and the hip. It seems to play a role in how your body makes new bone while it slows the breakdown of old bone. After a 7-day . A special form of strontium called strontium ranelate can increase bone formation and prevent bone loss when used in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. J Biol Chem 1972;247:5520-6. What else is it good for? J.Fam.Pract. Bone. View abstract. 11-30-1995;333(22):1437-1443. Arch.Intern.Med. In 2013, the committee of the European Medicines Agency (similar to the FDA in the United States) recommended suspending strontium ranelate (brand name Protelos/Osseor) for treating osteoporosis. Harris, S. T., Watts, N. B., Genant, H. K., McKeever, C. D., Hangartner, T., Keller, M., Chesnut, C. H., III, Brown, J., Eriksen, E. F., Hoseyni, M. S., Axelrod, D. W., and Miller, P. D. Effects of risedronate treatment on vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: a randomized controlled trial. 2000;57(3):1107-1114. Strontium Citrate side effects - Osteoporosis - Inspire [No authors listed]. Bone. View abstract. View abstract. Injecting myself daily. View abstract. The next big and interesting use of this alkaline earth metal was when it was used in the television production industry, specifically in the cathode ray tubes of color televisions. You do not know what amounts your body is getting when you take these supplements. They can decrease strontium absorption. 2004;86-A(3):538-545. Interaction of strontium and vitamin D. C R Seances Soc Biol Fil 1975;169:322-9. PROOF Study Group. Apostolidis N, Paradellis T, Karydas A, et al. Kidney Int. Peng H, Yao F, Xiong S, Wu Z, Niu G, Lu T. Strontium in public drinking water and associated public health risks in Chinese cities. (4a) In addition, strontianite is a mineral that comes from concentrations of strontium compounds, and there are several strontium compounds. View abstract. Strontium is an element that has been shown to improve bone healing. Proc.R.Soc.Lond B Biol.Sci. Estrogens might decrease how fast the body gets rid of strontium. Faith123 may be able to answer a question or two of yours about the reclast infusion treatment and her experience with it. Strontium-89 chloride in the treatment of bone metastases from breast cancer. "Hello @bonelady. Health Phys 2004;86:193-6. 2006;54(11):3494-3507. Available at: www.servier.com/pro/osteoporose/protelos/protelos_spc.asp. 2007;19(4):330-333. Strontium Boost is an all-natural organic supplement that supports bone health in people of every age. Because strontium ranelate is a weak anti-resorptive agent and there are more effective osteoporosis agents in the United States and most countries, we do not use strontium ranelate in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Strontium Benefits - Health Benefits & Uses | AlgaeCal I did find some information on the Mayo Clinic website on osteoporosis. Effects of strontium ranelate and alendronate on bone microstructure in women with osteoporosis. (3). Roque, I. Figuls, Martinez-Zapata, M. J., Scott-Brown, M., and Alonso-Coello, P. Radioisotopes for metastatic bone pain. Radiother Oncol 1994;31:33-40. View abstract. J.Periodontol. AlgaeCal Plus is a plant-based calcium supplement that contains all 13 bone-supporting minerals and is clinically supported to increase bone density. To measure the effectiveness of it, researchers measured bone mineral density in the neck, spine and hip as well as some biochemical bone markers. Protos [Product Information]. A., Cosman, F., Lakatos, P., Leung, P. C., Man, Z., Mautalen, C., Mesenbrink, P., Hu, H., Caminis, J., Tong, K., Rosario-Jansen, T., Krasnow, J., Hue, T. F., Sellmeyer, D., Eriksen, E. F., and Cummings, S. R. Once-yearly zoledronic acid for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Loutit, J. F. Diurnal variation in urinary excretion of calcium and strontium. Can and should treatments such as these be used in conjunction with strontium citrate, about which I know nothing by the way? Sr-89 has been used as a form of treatment to manage pain resulting from bone pain due to cancer. (6), Strontium ranelate is a form that is sold as a prescription medication for osteoporosis and bone fractures in Europe and Australia. Research shows that taking strontium ranelate by, Osteoarthritis. It is prescribed only for those who would otherwise have no other suitable treatment to reduce their risk of broken bones.[2]. Middleton ET, Steel SA, Aye M, Doherty SM. Gutteridge DH, Robinson CJ, Joplin GF. Kidney Int 2000;58:981-8. Am J Med 1993;95:69S-74S. In the human body, approximately 99 percent of Sr is located in the bones. Moise H, Chettle DR, Pejovic-Milic A. Strontium is a mineral found in seawater and soil. Its been interesting what research has shown to date aboutits use for osteoporosis. Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) Investigators. It's derived from rock calcium bound with citric acid (think citrus juices, especially lime and lemon). Strontium is a mineral and alkaline earth metal like calcium, and it seems to work similarly to calcium in the body with its main benefit being a boost to bone health. They won't do any studies but the END OF FRACTURES SAYS IT ALL! Clin Nucl Med 2004;29:81-5. I just read this article about strontium. Algaecal Plus Reviews - Does It Actually Work as Advertised? View abstract. My Dr wants me to start taking this. View abstract. J.Dent. Salmon, pink, canned, solids with bone, 3 ounces 181 mg per serving. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. Upset stomach and diarrhea are the most common side effects of magnesium oxide. 2000;75(1-3):253-263. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. This is not the same as making new bone. Calcif.Tissue Int. JAMA 12-17-2003;290(23):3115-3121. 2005;16(10):1291-1298. Kaufman JM, Audran M, Bianchi G, et al. Oger, E. Incidence of venous thromboembolism: a community-based study in Western France. Efficacy and safety of strontium ranelate in the treatment of osteoporosis in men. Strontium ranelate acts through dual mechanisms of inhibiting resorption by osteoclasts and maintaining or stimulating bone formation by osteoblasts. Calcif Tissue Int 2001;69:121-9. . The radioactive form of Sr is not available as a dietary supplement, but it is considered to likely be safe when administered by a health care professional by IV.
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